In the blog i have attempted to highlight the spiritual significance of various Hindu religious festivals.
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வான் கலந்த மாணிக்கவாசக (vāṉ kalanta māṇikkavācaka! – Manikkavasaga thee merged with the heaven)
On this sacred day of மாணிக்கவாசகர் குருபூஜை(māṇikkavācakar gurupūjai) occuring on ஆனி மகம் (āṉi magam), I would like to share my two cents of understanding on the spiritual glory of the noble saint...
வான் கலந்த மாணிக்கவாசக (vāṉ kalanta māṇikkavācaka)
Oh Maanikkavaachaka who have merged in the ether! When I sing your gospel deeply blended therewith, it tastes sweet without satiety like good sugarcane juice blended with honey, milk, rich flavor of fruit, my flesh, and my life.
Oh Maanikkavaachaka who compose verses that come (from God), if only one word out of your verses is capable of uniting me and my Owner (God), tell me what is the need for spiritual exercises, why worry any more, why go elsewhere seeking the precepts of a guru?
Oh virtuous one! Was it not for your sake that the great Lord Civan Who carries a dam (on his side) came on a horse like a care-laden servant, carried a hod of earth on the banks of the river Vaikai, and carries (to this day) a scar from the lash of a cane wielded by a Paandiyan.
Oh Maanikkavaachaka without any despondency! If on hearing your verses, even the birds of lowly genus which were there were filled with longing to hear them and cruel beasts yearned for gnosis of the Real, it is not surprising that I am similarly affected here.
-translation by Vanmikinathan
Tamil Reference :- திரு அருட்பா: ஆளுடைய அடிகள் அருண்மாலை (tiru aruṭpā: āḷuṭaiya aṭikaḷ aruṇmālai) (4.12.,7-10)
திருபள்ளியெழுச்சி மற்றும் திருவெம்பாவை பாராயாணம் (tirupaḷḷiyeḻucci maṟṟum tiruvempāvai pārāyāṇam – contemplation of tirupalliyezhucchi and tiruvempavai):
Contemplation of the two beautiful mystical poems composed at the holy temple-town of திருவண்ணாமலை (tiruvaṇṇāmalai) by வான் கலந்த மாணிக்கவாசகர் (vāṉ kalanta māṇikkavācakar), the renowned சைவ நாயன்மார் (caiva nāyaṉmār – saiva saint) as part of his magnum opus poetic masterpiece திருவாசகம் (tiruvācakam). Here these two poems eulogize the முப்பது நாட்கள் பாவை நோன்பு (muppatu nāṭkaḷ pāvai nōṉbu – thirty days of virgin austerity) as observed by जीवात्मन् (jīvātman – corporeal soul) in the भक्तिभावन (bhaktibhāvana – devotional attitude) of communion with the परब्रह्मन् (parabrahman - Supreme Divinity) theologized as परमशिव (paramaśiva – supreme auspiciousness / omnibliss).
The daily ritual of புனிதநீராடல்(puṉita nīrāṭal – sacred bathing) is an integral part of முப்பது நாட்கள் பாவை நோன்பு(muppatu nāṭkaḷ pāvai nōṉbu – thirty days of virgin austerity) observed during the sacred மார்கழிமாதம் / मृगशीर्ष मास(mārgaḻi mātam / mṛgaśīrṣa māsa - mid Dec to mid Jan month). The revered saint மாணிக்கவாசகர்(māṇikkavācakar) in his famous decad திருவெம்பாவை(tiruvempāvai) while eulogizing the முப்பது நாட்கள் பாவை நோன்பு(muppatu nāṭkaḷ pāvai nōṉbu – thirty days of virgin austerity) glorifies the value of புனிதநீராடல்(puṉita nīrāṭal – sacred bathing) thus,
Original
Transliteration
Translation
மொய்யார் தடம் பொய்கை புக்கு முகேர்என்னக் கையாற் குடைந்து குடைந்து உன் கழல்பாடி ஐயா வழியடியோம் வாழ்ந்தோம் காண் ஆர் அழல் போற் செய்யா வெண்ணீறாடி செல்வா சிறுமருங்குல் மையார் தடங்கண் மடந்தை மணவாளா ஐயா நீ ஆட்கொண்டருளும் விளையாட்டின் உய்வார்கள் உய்யும் வகையெல்லாம் உயர்ந்தொழிந்தோம் எய்யாமற் காப்பாய் எமையேலோர் எம்பாவாய்.
ஆர்த்த பிறவித் துயர்கெட நாம் ஆர்த்துஆடும் தீர்த்தன் நற்றில்லைச் சிற்றம்பலத்தே தீயாடும் கூத்தன் இவ்வானும் குவலயமும் எல்லோமும் காத்தும் படைத்தும் கரந்தும் விளையாடி வார்த்தையும் பேசி வளைசிலம்ப வார்கலைகள் ஆர்ப்பரவம் செய்ய அணி குழல்மேல் வண்டார்ப்பப் பூத்திகழும் பொய்கை குடைந்து உடையான் பொற்பாதம் ஏத்தி இருஞ்சுனைநீர் ஆடேலோர் எம்பாவாய்.
Ent’ring broad and bee-filled tank, we dive and splash and splash Its water with our sporting hands and sing Thy jewelled Feet! We Thy slaves of true lineage are blest! Behold Thou Sire! Thou of bright, red Fire-like Form! Thou Smearer of white ash! Thou Noble One and Bridegroom of the wide and paint-eyed Dame! Sire we have quite lived out all the course of lives lived by Thou good saints whom Thou hast made in graceful sport, Thine own! Guard us lest we should weary in future! Empaavaai.
He is the Holy Water where we sing and bathe so that Our griefs of binding births might flee! Dancer with fire in hand, Within Thillai’s Sacred Court! He sports by guarding, making And by hiding heaven and earth and all! Let’s sing His praise! With bangles twinkling and with sarees making bristling noise, And with beetles humming on the fair tresses, plunge in The tank of flowers and praise the golden Feet of our own Lord! Do bathe in water of that deepest fountain, Empaavaai!
-translation by Thiruvasgamani
Tamil Reference : திருவாசகம்: திருவெம்பாவை (tiruvācakam:tiruvempāvai) (7.11)
Let us next discuss the திருவடி தீக்ஷை(tiruvaḍi dīkṣai – sacred foot initiation) of the noble saint திருவாதவூரடிகள் (vādavūradigaḻ) better known as மாணிக்கவாசகர் (māṇikkavācagar) obtained direct initiation from Lord परमशिव (paramaśiva) who was in the guise of a ஞானாசிரியன் (jñānāsiriyan - spiritual teacher) seated under குருந்தை மரம் (kurundai maram) at திருபெருந்துரை (tiruperunturai) as recalled by saint himself in the following verses from the decad அருட்பத்து (aruṭpattu) in the sacred திருவாசகம் (tiruvācagam)
In the sacred Perundhurai of stately, fertile groves Thou didst bide 'neath fresh flow'r Kuruntham tree! With pangs of heart I recall that glory, And thinking pine! If I in love call Thee, as my Lord, ray Lord, "Come out from that Sea of billows! See it is the way!" Speak Thou thus in grace to me, Rare Sage!
Tamil Reference: திருவாசகம் : அருட்பத்து (tiruvācagam: aruṭpattu) (29.10)
In fact, earlier even in சிவபுராணம்(civapurāṇam)the very first decad in hisதிருவாசகம்(tiruvācagam),the
saint very briefly touches upon this life-transforming incident of his as
testified in the following verses,
As He, that Sivan abideth within my heart, Through His Grace alone, before His Feet I bow with joy in heart and shall recount The ancient ways of Sivan's own grace that all my ancient deeds may cease. While the One brow-eye reached and showed His gracious eye Before His jewelled Feet of beauty, hard for thought, bowed I., Thou Who filledest heaven and earth and Who didst outgrow them. Thou Refulgent Light and Thou theoundless One past count, I, a wacked sinner, know not how to sing Thy praise. The grass and herb and worm and tree, The diverse beasts, the bird and snake, The stone and man, the ghoul and hosts, The mighty demons, sages and gods among these the static and mobile Forms of all species of life I have been born and wearied my Lord! Truly I have seen this day Thine own Golden Feet and true realize I have known. Thou of Truth who bidest within my soul as "Omkaaram" and grantest release whole. O,Thou Spotless One Who own'st a Bull, While Vedas called Thee "Sire," Thou the subtle shottest higher; Thou didst dive too deep below and didst expand sideways so. Thou are heat and Thou art cold. Thou art flawless Soul of old. Thou Who art the Wisdom true, Shning as true Splendour too, did'st come in Thy grace to me, and did's make all false thngs flee. To me devoid of all gnosis Thou art mighty Lord of bliss. Thou art knowledge good and pure Which of nescience me doth cure Translation by Thiruvasagamani
Tamil Reference: திருவாசகம் : சிவபுராணம் (tiruvācagam: civapurāṇam) (1.25-30)
The saint also euologizes his
beloved ஞானாச்சாரிய
பெருமானின் திருவடி(jñānāccāriya perumānin tiruvaḍi – holy feet of wisdom teaching God)as the “வேகம் கெடுத்தாண்ட வேந்தன் அடி வெல்க(vEgam keḍuttāṇḍa vEndan aḍi velga - Victory to the Foot of the King who
calmed)!”in the same decad.
A very detailed account of this life transforming milestone
event in the life of மாணிக்கவாசகர்(māṇikkavācagar) is very
beautifully narrated by his disciple-saint கடவுண்மா முனிவர்(kaḍavuṇmā
munivar) in the திருப்பெருந்துறைச் சருக்கம்(tirupperuntuṛaic sarukkam)section ofhis magnum opus biographical poetic
masterpiece திருவாதவூர் அடிகள் புராணம் (tiruvādavūr aḍigaḻ purāṇam).
The Father who dwells eternally amidst this great assembly’s rich array, so that the sufferings of mankind may be abolished, He whose holy feet dance in the beautiful Golden Hall, desired in His mercy to enslave as His devotee that boundless ocean of compassion, the sage Vadavurar through whom the ambrosial knowledge of Lord Siva came to express itself in pure Tamil verse.
Therefore did He summon to Him those devoted leaders of the hosts of attendants, saying: ‘Take up the bodily form of those that dwell on earth which the dark sea girds, and follow me.’ Then, assuming the noble appearance of an enlightened teacher, capable of conferring divine knowledge, He descended from Mount Kailash’s lofty peak.
Graciously placing upon the earth His beautiful lotus feet, which Vishnu, assuming the form of a mighty boar, sought in vain, He came to that place which is deeply imbued with the divine presence, the abode of brahmins, skilled in the recitation of the vedic texts and loving guardians of the sacred flame. -translation by David Godman
Tamil Reference: திருவாதவூர் அடிகள் புராணம் (tiruvādavūr aḍigaḻ purāṇam) (54-56)
கடவுண்மா முனிவர்(kaḍavuṇmā
munivar)then gives a very picturesque
description of the sacred town of திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai)where God had decended describing the sacred
ambience and beauty its of natural environment including புன்னை மரங்கள் (punnai maraṅgaḻ),சந்தன மரங்கள் (sandhana maraṅgaḻ), சண்பக மரம் (sanbaga maram), நாரத்டைகள் (nārtaḍaigaḻ), செர்ந்திகள் (serndhigaḻ), கோங்கமரங்கள் (kOngamarangaL), பாதிரி மரங்கள் (pādiri maraṅgaḻ), பலா மரங்கள் (palā maraṅgaḻ) etc., and various birds and animals includingமயில்கள் (mailgaḻ - peacocks), அன்னங்கள் (annaṅgaḻ - swans) & குயில்கள் (kuyilgaḻ -koyals), இசைக்கும் வண்டுகள் (isaikkum vaṇḍugaḻ - humming bees).
The interesting point
here is the poet not only helps us to visualize and relish the scenic ambience
of the sacred environment where Divinity had descended, but also highlights the
esoteric significance of the symbologies wherever possible. For example, he
helps us imagine the flowers dropping down from the trees looks as though the
trees are bowing down in respect and worshipping with flowers as an offering to
the God while the humming of the bees and insects were like music from
devotional euologies. Moreover, while referring to the specific குருந்தை மரம் (kurundhai maram) under
which the ஞானசிரிய பெருமான்(jñānācāriya perumān – wisdom
teaching God)had decided to be seated eagerly awaiting the arrival of his
chosen devotee , the poet sings thus,
In the midst of this wood, so copiously endowed with nature’s treasures, grew a kuruntham tree, which resembled in its beauty the state of the enlightened soul. Its branches, crowding thickly all around, were austerities whose praise is hard to tell. Up above the young leaves of most excellent virtue grew luxuriant, and the blossoms that flowered there were the sublime knowledge of reality.
Like a decoy beast which, eagerly seeking its own kind, lures them with its call into the waiting trap, Lord Siva came walking in the guise of a man. ‘We shall make our way to that grove of lofty trees whose graceful ornament is a fine kuruntham tree.’ Thus did He nobly utter His divine decree.
The Lord who is without beginning and without end came on surrounded by His company of pious devotees, and rejoiced as He reached the foot of that kuruntham tree, resplendent with clusters of blossoming flowers. There He graciously seated himself in readiness for the moment when He would sever the worldly bonds of Him who was to sing those saintly Tamil hymns. -translation by David Godman
Tamil Reference: திருவாதவூர் அடிகள் புராணம் (tiruvādavūr aḍigaḻ purāṇam) (62-64)
While the divine stage was all
set for the arrival of the chosen desciple, மாணிக்கவாசகர்(māṇikkavācagar), who was then a Minister in the Pandy Kingdom,
was completely unaware of this drama and was casually proceeding along with his
team, towards the holy town of திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai) to purchase some horses for his Kingdom’s army, as instructed by his King. During those
days, as the name indicates, திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai)was a major sea-port and markeplace where merchants and buyers gathered
from different parts of the world to buy and sell goods.
Interestingly, while this is
the grosser meaning of the term, there is a still subtler esoteric reason for
this name, in the context of this sacred event, as highlighted by கடவுண்மா முனிவர்(kaḍavuṇmā
munivar). According to him, திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai)is aகாரணப்பெயர் (kāraṇappeyar - causal name).
The place is so called because it is where all the salvation seeking जीवात्म(jīvātma) struggling through the turmoil (tides) in the vicious cycle of संसार
सागर(saṁsāra
sāgara – phenomenal ocean) try to reach the திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai– sacred majestic port)of मोक्ष(mokṣa - liberation). Yes, திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai)was a safe harborfor all eligible salvation-ready souls.
மாணிக்கவாசகர்(māṇikkavācagar),
the current here of the show,
eligible salvation ready soul who was as he himself said swimming in the ocean
of माया(māyā - illusion) over many series of births புல்லாகி (pullāgi – as grass),
பூவாய் (pūvāi-
as flower), புழுவாகி(puzhuvāgi – as weorm) etc., and by Divine Grace was pulled towards the திருபெருந்துரை(tiruperunturai
- supreme
shore of Divinity) as testified in the following verses
Original
Transliteration
Translation
வெம்பிறவி வேலை தனில் வீழ்பவர்க ளெல்லா நம்புசிவ நாமெனு நற்புணை பிடித்தா லெம்பரனருட்கரையி லேறுதுறை யாமா லம்புவி மொழிந்துள பெருந்துறை அதன் பேற்.
Since it is a safe haven where all who fall into the cruel ocean of birth and death, if they believe in the name of Lord Siva1 and hold tightly to that sturdy raft, can safely reach the shore of our Lord’s salvation, the name of that place, is Perunturai whose praise is spoken throughout this fair earth.
Like one who, after falling into the midst of the broad ocean, flounders aimlessly there suffering and struggling, and then comes safely to shore, filled with joy, the great ascetic, Vadavurar, drew near to Perunturai, through the operation of grace in accordance with his former deeds, which had bound him suffering upon the wheel of rebirth..
-translation by David Godman
Tamil Reference: திருவாதவூர் அடிகள் புராணம் (tiruvādavūr aḍigaḻ purāṇam) (57,70)
The poet then narrates the
subsequent events that followed when மாணிக்கவாசகர்(māṇikkavācagar) gets the sacred vision of Lord பரமசிவன்(paramasivan)in the guise of a ஞானாசிரிய பெருமான்(jñānāsiriya perumān), worshipped Him, anointed Him
by washing His திருவடி(tiruvaḍi- sacred feet)and finally obtained ब्रह्म ज्ञान उपदेश(brahma
jñāna upadeśa -spiritual
enlightenment)
through the Lord’s திருவடி
தீக்ஷை(tiruvaḍi dīkśai – sacred foot initiation).And having so obtained the state of such जीवन् मुक्ति (jīvan mukti
– corporeal liberation), the ecstatic saint melts down with Blissful Humility and thanks God
thus,
Vadavurar, his heart filled with devotion, approached the throne of that great and compassionate One, and bowing down in worship, his palms pressed together above his head, addressed Him thus: ‘You whose holy feet and head Vishnu, delving down through the earth, and Brahma, flying up in the form of a swan, could not reach and worship, strive as they might, what a wonder is it that You have come in human form, as one whose deeds are ever overflowing with the excellence of supreme grace, to deliver me from the grievous ills of birth.’ Having spoken, his mind was overcome, and he wept.
‘Great Father! Supreme One, by whose gracious rule I am enslaved! You who in anger killed the fierce Lord of Death, and who hold in Your hands the deer and the beautiful axe! Jewel of my two eyes! Red-bodied One! Praise be to Your holy feet! My soul’s great treasure! Praise be to Your holy feet! Deceiver of those who deceive! Praise be to Your holy feet! Divine knowledge which informs all our souls! Praise be to Your holy feet!’ Thus did he cry out through his tears
-translation by David Godman
Tamil Reference: திருவாதவூர் அடிகள் புராணம் (tiruvādavūr aḍigaḻ purāṇam) (107,108)
This story of திருவடி தீக்ஷை(tiruvaḍi dīkśai –
sacred foot initiation)is definitely a soul-inspiring case study demonstrating the infinite
compassion of भगवान्(bhagavān - God) towards His chosenभक्त(bhakta
– devotees). We
shall now see a few more such salient illustrations. For
example, God came in the guise of a அந்தணர்(andaṇar- brahmin) in the
case சுந்தரர்(sundarar) and blessed him with His திருவடி தீக்ஷை(tiruvaḍi dīkśai –
sacred foot initiation).The noble saint தெய்வப்புலவர்சேக்கிழார்(deivappulavar sEkkizhār) very beautifully narrates this account in his
magnum opus திருடத்தொண்டர்புராணம்(tiruttoṇḍar purāṇam)better known as பெரியபுராணம்(periya purāṇam)thus,
Original
Transliteration
Translation
அது கண்டு வீரட்டத்து அமர்ந்து அருளும் அங்கணரும் முது வடிவின் மறையவராய் முன் ஒருவர் அறியாமே பொது மடத்தின் உள்புகுந்து பூந் தாரான் திரு முடி மேல் பதும மலர்த் தாள் வைத்துப் பள்ளி கொள்வார் போல் பயின்றார்
In that Matam Situated in the midst of a flower-garden Teeming with bees, Vanthondar, with mind filled with love unto the Lord of Veerattaanam North of the river ketilam of bilowing waters, Enterd his bed, While his teeming retinue also went to sleep around him. Seeing this, the lovely-eyed Lord, abiding in Veerattam entered the matam common to all, Without anyone knowing beforehand, in the form of an old brahmnin, and placing His Lotus Feet, on the sacred flower decked head of Sundharamoorthi, pretended to beasleep on His bed. -translation by Vanmikinathan
Tamil Reference: பெரிய புராணம் : தடுத்தாட்கொண்ட (periya purāṇam : taḍuttāṭkoṇḍa) (5.85)
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